Note on Computer Keyboard
Introduction
A keyboard is one of the most essential input devices used in a computer system. It allows users to input text, commands, and functions through a set of keys. The keyboard layout consists of alphabets, numbers, function keys, and special keys that facilitate various operations.
Types of Keyboards
Keyboards come in various types based on their design, connectivity, and usage. Some common types include:
- Wired Keyboard – Connected to a computer using a USB cable.
- Wireless Keyboard – Uses Bluetooth or radio frequency (RF) technology to connect wirelessly.
- Mechanical Keyboard – Uses mechanical switches for each key, providing a tactile feel and durability.
- Membrane Keyboard – Has a rubber or silicone membrane beneath the keys, making it quieter and softer.
- Ergonomic Keyboard – Designed for comfort and to reduce strain on the hands and wrists.
- Virtual Keyboard – A software-based keyboard displayed on a touchscreen.
- Gaming Keyboard – Features additional programmable keys, RGB lighting, and faster response times.
Layout of a Keyboard
The standard keyboard layout is the QWERTY format, but other layouts like AZERTY and DVORAK exist as well.
Main Sections of a Keyboard
- Alphanumeric Keys – Contain letters (A-Z), numbers (0-9), and punctuation marks.
- Function Keys (F1-F12) – Perform special tasks depending on the software in use.
- Navigation Keys – Include Arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, and Page Down for cursor movement.
- Control Keys – Such as Ctrl, Alt, Shift, and Windows/Command keys, used for shortcuts.
- Numeric Keypad – A separate set of numbers for quick numerical data entry.
- Special Keys – Include Enter, Backspace, Delete, Tab, Caps Lock, and Esc.
Common Keyboard Shortcuts
- Ctrl + C → Copy
- Ctrl + V → Paste
- Ctrl + X → Cut
- Ctrl + Z → Undo
- Alt + Tab → Switch between open applications
- Ctrl + P → Print
- Windows + D → Show desktop
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